Future Orientations to Everyday Life: Futures Anthropology as a Methodology
Summary
Key Insights
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Time is experienced uniquely by each individual, influencing how we relate to the present and future.
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UX research is inherently future-focused but lacks frameworks to understand how users conceptualize the future.
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Futures anthropology is a cross-cultural, ethnographic approach that centers the future as an object of study.
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Six distinct future orientations—expectation, anticipation, speculation, potential, hope, and destiny—offer lenses to analyze user mindset and behavior.
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These orientations overlap and manifest differently throughout a user journey, revealing emotional and cognitive states.
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In practical UX work, futures anthropology helps identify user needs and informs design and feature prioritization, as shown in Nicole’s government funding application project.
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Speculation often appears as hesitation or pauses in user behavior, signaling uncertainty about future outcomes.
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Hope and destiny reflect positive and fixed narratives users hold about their futures, which can be critical for motivation or mindset.
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Not all communities have equal access to future orientations; marginalized groups may face constrained or different future imaginaries.
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Integrating futures anthropology requires reflexivity in research identity and methodology, extending from data collection to team collaboration and strategic planning.
Notable Quotes
"There are over 7 billion futures of right now."
"How we orient ourselves to the future impacts how we experience the present."
"Expectation describes how things ought to be and reinforces the distinction between the present and what is not yet here."
"Anticipation involves preparatory actions to manage uncertainty about future conditions."
"Speculation fills in the gaps where past experience fails us, often seen in hesitation or pauses."
"Potential refers to not yet actualized possibilities that may or may not come to fruition."
"Hope generates optimistic momentum towards a possibility becoming real."
"Destiny is the belief that a certain future outcome is predetermined regardless of the path."
"Not everyone has the same capacity to aspire to a future; this is critical when working with marginalized communities."
"We have a role to play in democratizing the future and amplifying more visions of what that future can hold."
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